聚烯烃是烯烃的聚合物。由乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、1-戊烯、1-己烯、1-辛烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯等 α-烯烃以及某些环烯烃单独聚合或共聚合而得到的一类热塑性树脂的总称。由于原料丰富，价格低廉，容易加工成型，综合性能优良，因此是一类产量最大，应用十分广泛的高分子材料。其中以聚乙烯、聚丙烯最为重要。
Polyolefins are polymers of olefins. It is a kind of thermoplastic resin obtained by the separate polymerization or copolymerization of α-olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 4-methyl-1-pentene and some cyclic olefins. It is a generic term for a class of thermoplastic resins. Due to the abundant raw materials, low prices, easy processing and molding, and excellent comprehensive performance, it is a type of polymer material with the largest output and a wide range of applications. Among polyolefins, polyethylene and polypropylene are the most important olefins polymers.
聚烯烃在自然界中会遇到氧和阳光的作用, 使树脂的分子链和助剂产生自由基R•，它会氧进一步反应形成氧化自由基RO•及过氧化自由基ROO•，所产生自由基活性强，能夺取其他树脂分子链及助剂中的氢，生成氢过氧化物ROOH。不稳定的氢过氧化物ROOH又会裂解成新的自由基RO•和HO•，这两个活泼的自由基进一步与氧反应，还能形成新的氢过氧化物ROOH。周而复始产生自动催化氧化作用，使化合物发生断裂、降解和交联，导致分子链完全破裂。因此解决聚烯烃的老化问题至关重要。防老化助剂的应用不是简单添加和堆积，而是一个需要综合考虑的统一体系。聚烯烃防老化体系的设计应从选择助剂着手，选择合适的助剂，组成合理的配方，考虑助剂的协同、适当的加工工艺及助剂间的禁忌，来达到最佳的状态。哪些助剂对于聚烯烃户外材料来说是必须的呢？
Polyolefin will encounter the effects of oxygen and sunlight in nature, which will cause the molecular chain and auxiliary of resin to generate free radical R •, and it will further react with oxygen to form oxidative free radical RO • and peroxide free radical ROO •, The free radical has strong activity and can capture hydrogen from other resin molecular chains and additives to form ROOH hydroperoxide. The unstable hydroperoxide ROOH will be cracked into new free radicals RO • and HO •, The two active free radicals further react with oxygen to form new hydroperoxide ROOH. The automatic catalytic oxidation occurs repeatedly, which causes the compounds to break, degrade and crosslink, resulting in molecular chain rupture completely. Therefore, it is important to solve the aging problem of polyolefins. The application of anti-aging additives is not a simple addition and accumulation, but a unified system that needs comprehensive consideration. The design of polyolefin anti-aging system should start with the selection of additives, and then selecting the appropriate additives, forming a reasonable formula. At the same time considering the synergy of the additives, the appropriate processing technology and the taboos between the additives to achieve the best status. Which additives are necessary for polyolefin outdoor materials?
一、 紫外线吸收剂
UV absorbers
在室外，太阳光特别是紫外光能加快原子的运动频率，加快氧化等塑料降解反应。聚烯烃中必不可少的是紫外线吸收剂。紫外线吸收剂能够强烈的吸收紫外线，并将其能量转变成无害的热能释放出来。此类物质有苯并三唑类、二苯甲酮类、水杨酸之类等。
在聚烯烃中经常使用的有OMNISTAB UV326, UV329, UV531, UVP, UV234等。
Outdoors, sunlight especially ultraviolet light can accelerate the frequency of atomic motion and accelerate the degradation of plastics such as oxidation reaction. UV absorbers are indispensable in polyolefins. UV absorbers can strongly absorb UV rays and convert their energy into harmless thermal energy to release. UV absorbers include benzotriazoles, benzophenones, salicylates and so on.
OMNISTAB UV326, UV329, UV531, UVP, UV234 etc. are often used in polyolefins.
二、 光稳定剂
Light stabilizer
光稳定剂以受阻胺类光稳定剂为主，受阻胺光稳定剂含有哌啶基团，氧化后会产生哌啶氮氧自由基。哌啶氮氧自由基活性较大，能与树脂中降解物烷基自由基、烷氧自由基反应，产生哌啶烷基胺醚和哌啶基过氧化胺醚，中止树脂的降解。光稳定剂能不断自我更新、活化，能不断捕捉新产生的自由基，从而达到保护材料的目的。
聚烯烃户外材料中常用的光稳定剂有OMNISTAB LS622, LS944, LS119, LS770, LS B783等。
The light stabilizer is mainly a hindered amine light stabilizer. The hindered amine light stabilizer contains a piperidine group, and a piperidine nitroxide free radical is generated after oxidation. Piperidine nitroxide free radicals have greater activity and can react with alkyl free radicals and alkoxy free radicals that are degradation product in the resin to produce piperidine alkylamine ethers and piperidyl peroxide amine ethers, stopping the degradation of the resin. Light stabilizers can continuously self-renew and activate, and can continuously capture newly generated free radicals, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting materials.
OMNISTAB LS622, LS944, LS119, LS770, LS B783 etc. are the light stabilizers often used in polyolefins outdoor materials.
三、 抗氧剂
Antioxidants
抗氧剂的作用是抑制或延长聚合物的氧化反应，其原理就在于抗氧剂能消除氧化反应过程中生成的过氧化游离基，还原烷氧基或烃基游离基，以及分解过氧化物，从而使氧化链反应终止，达到防止聚合物氧化的目的。聚烯烃中用的抗氧剂有酚类、胺类、亚磷酸酯类和硫酯类。如OMNISTAB AN1010, AN1076, AN1098, AN168, AO-80, AN626等。
The role of antioxidants is to inhibit or prolong the oxidation reaction of polymers. The principle is that antioxidants can eliminate peroxide radicals generated during the oxidation reaction, reduce alkoxy or hydrocarbon radicals, and decompose peroxides. Thus, the oxidation chain reaction is terminated, and the purpose of preventing polymer oxidation is achieved. The antioxidants used in polyolefins are phenols, amines, phosphites and thioesters. Such as OMNISTAB AN1010, AN1076, AN1098, AN168, AO-80, AN626 and so on.
青岛德达志成化工有限公司是一家专业生产和销售聚合物添加剂的公司，其自主品牌欧稳德系列添加剂，包括紫外线吸收剂、光稳定剂、抗氧剂等产品，能够给予聚烯烃户外产品全面的保护，同时可以根据客户的需求提供全套产品解决方案。
Deltachem (Qingdao) Co., Ltd. is a company specializing in manufacturing and sale of polymer additives. Its own brand of OMNISTAB series of additives, including UV absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants and other products, can give comprehensive protection to polyolefin outdoor products, while providing a full range of product solutions according to customer needs.
德达志成期待您的垂询与合作！
Deltachem group looks forward to your inquiry and cooperation!
